The Salon has a long, rich history in French 
                      society that can easily be traced back to the 18th century. 
                      These pre-Revolutionary Salons were organized by some of 
                      the leading women of Parisian society. Here, such great 
                      French philosophers as Voltaire and Rousseau plied their 
                      trade, participating in the movement and exchange of ideas 
                      which had begun in the 17th century known as the "Republic 
                      of Letters". Salonnières, 
                      the women who ran the Salons, and Philosophes, 
                      the men who played a corresponding and complimentary role 
                      worked together to achieve the ends of philosophy as the 
                      broad project of the Enlightenment. The Parisian Salon served 
                      as a base for networking the social and intellectual exchanges 
                      connecting Paris, the 'City of Light' and capital of the 
                      Enlightenment, with the rest of France.
                    Salonnières tended to be from the 
                      most influential ranks of high society, being either nobility 
                      or 'upper middle-class' bourgeoisie. Women were treated 
                      as equals in the Salon environment, which was a radically 
                      counterculture idea for the time, and the Salon provided 
                      a means for women to receive the advanced education that 
                      was often denied them. Consequently, admittance to these 
                      salons was highly sought after. It was the job of the Salonnière 
                      to keep the conversation flowing and to be able to jump 
                      in with an insightful remark when the conversation faltered. 
                      Besides the stimulating, erudite conversation, writing was 
                      also important. The activities of the Salon were often centered 
                      around topics contained in circulated letters and pamphlets 
                      prepared by philosophers of the period which were then circulated 
                      prior to meeting at a Salon. These philosophers often tended 
                      to favor, and would occasionally cosponsor, a particular 
                      Salon. After the revolution these Salons continued, but 
                      the focus of discussion shifted from revolutionary politics 
                      and philosophy to safer topics such as art and literature. 
                      Amidst the political turmoil following the Revolution, Salons 
                      decreased in popularity. 
                    During the bohemian revolution of the late 
                      19th century, however, people again sought out places for 
                      stimulating conversation like cafés and Salons. Of 
                      particular interest to us, are the esoteric Salons that 
                      were organized around the same time as the fledgling Theosophical 
                      Society. The most famous of these was the salon of Lady 
                      Marie Caithness and her circle, this would later become 
                      known as the "Société Théosophique 
                      d'Orient et d'Occident." Jules Doinel, who reestablished 
                      the Gnostic Church and who had, himself, been gifted with 
                      visions throughout his life, participated in a series of 
                      séances at her Salon that were attended by many notable 
                      occultists of the time. It was during these séances 
                      that Doinel received his vision of Sophia Achamoth who then 
                      charged him with reestablishing her Gnostic Church. 
                    Besides these Theosophical Salons, there 
                      were also 'Salons de la Rose+Croix', established in 1892 
                      by Joséphin Péladan. Péladan had worked 
                      with Stanislas de Guaïta and his Ordre 
                      Kabbalistique de la Rose+Croix, but then broke away 
                      and founded his own group - the Rose+Croix 
                      Catholique du Temple et de Graal, Jean Bricaud and 
                      Constant Chevillon also had their Ordre 
                      du Rose+Croix Kabbalistique et Gnostique. These Salons 
                      endeavored to restore "the faith of the ideal, with an accent 
                      on beauty and tradition", and were focused on catholic, 
                      mystical or spiritual themes. Rose+Croix Salons lasted for 
                      about five years, and included such notable participants 
                      as artists Gustave Moreau, Félicien Rops and Georges 
                      Rouault. The composer Erik Satie worked directly with Péladan 
                      for a period, writing music for his plays and rituals, which 
                      were performed in these Rose+Croix Salons. 
                    The Salons of 19th century and early 20th 
                      century France, were a meeting place in which friends gathered 
                      informally on a regular basis to converse on a myriad of 
                      interesting topics. Salons continued to serve as a hub for 
                      the various esoteric, spiritual and chivalric organizations 
                      where interested people could become familiar with the people, 
                      ideals and initiatic traditions available. This 
                      is our model for a study group, or "le Salon". It 
                      is a group of people which meets regularly, once a month 
                      in someone's home or a designated meeting room and spends 
                      an evening of intellectually stimulating conversation based 
                      on Gnostic themes and topics related to the French Esoteric 
                      Tradition, and led by someone authorized by our community.